... to the computer. He presents the example of a man linking Chinese characters and appearing to know the language, but in reality the man is just following the instructions given to him ( the program). This example serves well to explain how although a computer can look like it understands a story, it can do no more than "go through the motions." Of course such a definitive standpoint on an issue as controversial as the capacity of an AI to understand will draw many critics. The criticism of his theory that I find to be the most credible is The Other Mind Reply offered by Yale University. This line of thinking asks: if behavior is what we can determine ...
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... vapor. The transformation that occurs, provides a large amount of available work energy. The essential parts of all steam turbines consist of nozzles or jets through which the steam can flow and expand. Thus, the temperature drops, and kinetic energy is gained. In addition, there are blades, on which high pressure steam is exerted. Stationary blades shift the steam onto rotating blades, which provide power. Also, turbines are equipped with wheels or drums where the blades are mounted. A shaft for these wheels or drums is also a basic component, as well as an outer casing that confines the steam to the area of the turbine proper. In order to efficiently use t ...
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... in the computer industry, because it made computers accessible to the average American. This helped greatly in proving that computers were no longer just toys and they had a very useful purpose. Most people still felt the cost was too great for a glorified typewriter. Several years after they introduction of the BASIC system, Apple introduced a new line of computers called the Macintosh. These Macintosh computers were extreme easy to use, and were about the same price of a computer that used BASIC. Apple's business exploded with the Mac, Macintosh were put in schools and millions of homes proving that the computer was an extreme useful tool after all. ...
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... principles of radio had been demonstrated in the early 1800s by such scientists as Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry. They had individually developed the theory that a current flowing in one wire could induce (produce) a current in another wire that was not physically connected to the first. Hans Christian Oersted had shown in 1820 that a current flowing in a wire sets up a magnetic field around the wire. If the current is made to change and, in particular, made to alternate (flow back and forth), the building up and collapsing of the associated magnetic field induces a current in another conductor placed in this changing magnetic field. This principl ...
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... used to send feedback are radio signals, sonar, optical fiber, and sensors. Powerful computers with Artificial Intelligence programs control robots that are fully automatic. Robots are taught to perform repetitive tasks. Intelligent robots incorporate the other disciplines of Artificial Intelligence like, human sensory simulation for touch, sight, and hearing. Our future will definitely have a place for robots. Some radicals believe that robots will eventually take over our planet. “Fifty years, tops, until the robots exceed us,” says Hans Moravec, director of Carnegie Mellon's Mobile Robot Lab. "When you compare the evolution of mental abilities ...
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... like it has sprung up overnight, the vision of free-minded hackers, it was born in the ‘Defense Department Cold War’ projects of the 1950s. The US Government owns the Internet and has the responsibility and right to decide who uses it and how it is used. The government HAS to have control on what information people are able to get from its agencies. This information is not lawfully available through the mail OR over the telephone, so there is absolutely no reason why they should be available otherwise. Since the idea a network of computers, the industry has wonderfully advanced some good blocking devices, but they are not an alternative for a well-reaso ...
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... being used for scientific research, in military programs, and as educational tools, and they are being developed to aid people who have lost the use of their limbs. These devices, however, are for the most part quite different from the androids, or humanlike robots, and other robots of fiction. They rarely take human form, they perform only a limited number of set tasks, and they do not have minds of their own. In fact, it is often hard to distinguish between devices called robots and other modern automated systems. Although the term robot did not come into use until the 20th century, the idea of mechanical beings is much older. Ancient myths and tales talked ...
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... KB) There is a 1/5 scale model "Visible Rotary Engine", available from D and J Hobby and Academy (and undoubtedly others). There is also a .30 model Wankel engine from OS / Graupner. Rotor, Eccentric Shaft, Peripheral Housing, and Ports A Rotary Combustion Engine (RCE) as invented by Felix Wankel and developed with Walter Froede of NSU differs from a Piston Engine in four fundamental ways: The RCE Rotor supercedes the piston engine's piston. The RCE Eccentric Shaft [gloss] supercedes the piston engine's crankshaft and connecting rods. The RCE Peripheral Housing [gloss] supercedes the piston engine's cylinder. Intake and Exhaust Ports [gloss] in the ...
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... to read. Procedures help to make programs shorter, and thus easier to read, by replacing long sequences of statements with one simple procedure call. By choosing goo procedure names, even the names of the procedures help to document the program and make it easier to understand. Programs are easier to modify. When repeated actions are replaced by one procedure call, it becomes much easier to modify the code at a later stage, and also correct any errors. By building up the program in a modular fashion via procedures it becomes much easier to update and replace sections of the program at a later date, if all the code for the specific section is in a particular mo ...
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... the causes of destroying the data in the computer. For example, send a flood of coffee toward a personal computer. The hard disk of the computer could be endangered by the flood of coffee. Besides, human caretaker of computer system can cause as much as harm as any physical hazard. For example, a cashier in a bank can transfer some money from one of his customer's account to his own account. Nonetheless, the most dangerous thief are not those who work with computer every day, but youthful amateurs who experiment at night --- the hackers. The term "hacker "may have originated at M.I.T. as students' jargon for classmates who labored nights in th ...
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