... between 1869 and 1877 found that 650 miners working in the mines had a life expectancy of 20 years after entering the mines. It was two german doctors, Harting and Hesse, who brought this to the public. The doctors found that 75 percent of the miner deaths were due to lung cancer. But with their scientific knowledge the doctors could only assume that the deaths were caused by the inhalation of arsenic. Later studies between 1900 and 1940 found that the deaths were caused by radiation in the mines. The radiation the miners were exposed to would later be identified as uranium. Uranium is a natural occurring element, it has a atomic count of 92. Uranium is easily ...
Words: 2697 - Pages: 10
... releases the lements it is made of. These elements are hydrogen and oxygen. Today's efficiency of this method is about 65 percent, however 80-85 percent are possible with more research. Another method of producing hydrogen is through chemical means. It is a scientific fact that every metal that is less noble than hydrogen will isplace hydrogen from water . Common materials used in this reaction is sodium or potassium . Sodium plus water will produce hydrogen , NaOH, and heat . Other reactions include the "producer" reaction that was discovered in 1800 . It involves combining heat, carbon, and water. It then yields hydrogen an carbon monoxide . Bacteria can also ...
Words: 1155 - Pages: 5
... alpha Ursa Majoris. Polaris, in the Little Dipper (Ursa Minor), is gamma (designated by the Greek lower-case letter gamma) Ursa Minoris, and Betelgeuse, in Orion, is gamma Orionis. VARIABLE STARS (those which periodically change in brightness) have lettered names, such as RR Lyrae in the constellation Lyra. Fainter stars are known by their numbers in a catalog; HD 12938 is the 12,938th star in the Henry Draper Catalogue. CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS Each star in the universe has its own position, motion, size, mass, chemical composition, and temperature. Some stars are grouped into clusters, and stars and star clusters are collected in the larger groupings called ...
Words: 3925 - Pages: 15
... the naked eye. According to Jenson and Wright (1989) a pathogen is a disease-producing organism. They also describe microbes as organisms that are often too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope. Microbes, also known as microorganisms, can be broken down into four classifications that are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Prescott, Harley & Klein (1990) describe bacteria as prokaryotic cells (cells that lack a true membrane enclosed nucleus). Bacteria are both small and simple in structure; they usually are between o.5 and 5cmm yet they have many characteristic shapes and sizes. Some bacteria are circular or oval shaped, they ...
Words: 1992 - Pages: 8
... from which the nucleus has been removed (Wertz, 1998b). The change in phenotype, the observable physical and biochemical characteristics of an organism, of livestock is accomplished by bombarding embryos of livestock with genes that produce “super” livestock traits; however, this technique is not efficient because only five percent of the offspring express these “super” traits that would guarntee a more productive industry. Scientists can easily genetically alter adult cells; therefore, cloning from an adult cell would make it easier to alter the genetic material. The goal of transgenic livestock1 is to produce livestock with ideal characteristics for the agricul ...
Words: 1028 - Pages: 4
... America. Their distribution once extended as far south as Colorado, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and perhaps Michigan. It looks like a weasel maybe because it is in the weasel family.It has black and brown fur and long claws.It’s legs are short but strong. The Wolverine is usually solitary except for members of the opposite sex and a female's young. After the females give birth they hide with their young. The mother defends her territory and intruders are not tolerated. This territorial behavior continues until the young are ready to hunt on their own. The Wolverine has a diet that can include anything from small eggs to full-sized deer. The Wolverine is capable of bri ...
Words: 289 - Pages: 2
... work. This section will address each of these reported negative side-effects. Various studies have claimed that cannabis destroys brain cells. However, several other studies found no structural or neurochemical atrophy in the brain at all. Furthermore, it should be noted that Heath's work was sharply criticized for avoiding safeguards of bias and reporting "changes" that occur normally in the mammalian brain. Wu et al. found a correlation between cannabis use and low sperm counts in human males. This is misleading because a decrease in sperm count has not been shown to have a negative effect on fertility and because the sperm count returns to normal after cannab ...
Words: 1467 - Pages: 6
... has accelerated rapidly because of human population growth and resource consumption (17). Today, most of the world's habitats are changing faster than most species can adapt to such changes through evolution, or natural selection. The current global extinction rate is estimated at about 20,000 species per year, exponentially greater than the background extinction rate (17). Many biologists believe that we are in the middle of the greatest mass extinction episode since the disappearance of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago (18). The survival of ecosystems (plant and animal communities and their physical surroundings) such as forests, coral reefs, or wetland ...
Words: 1449 - Pages: 6
... process of muscular tissue by first injuring them, then the muscles heal quicker adding more fiber increasing their bulk. Many athletes turn to steroids more often because they're cheaper then marijuana or cocaine. A ten week cycle of testosterone cypinate and methandrostone costs only about one hundred dollars. Steroids are also very hard to trace because of their water base composition. They can pass through the body within two days. All these benefits of steroids help an athletes become more competitive and increase their chance of being a winner. Of course everybody wants better biceps and triceps but when using steroids to achieve this go ...
Words: 445 - Pages: 2
... decreased when coal combustion was replaced by oil and gas combustion. Air pollution is caused by a number of different types of pollutants. The first type, particulate matter, consists of solid and liquid aerosols suspended in the atmosphere. These arise from the burning of coal and from industrial processes. Atmospheric particles can scatter and absorb sunlight which reduces visibility. Particles also reduce visibility by attenuating the light from objects and illuminating the air causing the contrast between the objects and their backgrounds to reduce. Not only does it effect visibility, but it hastens the erosion of building materials and the corrosion of m ...
Words: 1424 - Pages: 6
